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Quo vadis?
Learning needs assessment for GPRs
West Cumbria Trainers’ group
 20th January 2005
<= span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0003.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
The road to Bris= tol ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0004.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
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3D"Needs
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file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0005.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
I wil= l have succeeded as a trainer if by = the end of six months’ training my GPR………….. ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0006.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
What should we be teaching?
<= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•A course defined by its contents •A course defined by what GPRs should be able to do by the end •A course defined by the lea= rning experiences offered.
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0007.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
‘= ;Approaches to designing a training program= me for trainee fell-walker’
•= “I want my trainee to know the names and positions of all the Lakeland Fells.” •= “By the end my trainee should know be able to lead me up all the major fells” •“I’ll supply lots of opportunities for walking and becoming familiar with the fells. My job = is to ensure he gains lots of experience.” ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0021.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
Key steps in nee= ds assessment
•= Identify the gaps between current and desira= ble practice •Analyse the gaps and determi= ne what is causing them
= •Identify ways of satisfying these needs
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
<= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0010.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
Educational need

  The gap between present level of comp= etence and the higher level of compete= nce as required by the task, the standards = set by our organisation, or the
profession itself
 ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0054.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
Learning needs
The personal and specific needs = identified by explo= ring the issues which created the gap .
Norma= n,Shannon and Marrin
BMJ A= pr 2004
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 ‘There is nothing new under= the sun’

 Ecclesiastes 1v9
 ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0023.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
Types o= f needs assessment
•Gap or discrepancy analysis
•Re= flection on action or reflection in action
•Self assessment= 3;
•Pe= er review
•Ob= servation
•Critical incident/Significant event review
•Pr= actice review       &nbs= p;     
•       &nbs= p;            =             &n= bsp;  Ja= net Grant.BMJ 2002 ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0024.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
1) Gap or discre= pancy analysis
A fo= rmal method comparing performance with stated intended competencies &#= 8211; by self assessment, peer assessment= , or objective testing ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0025.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
2a) Reflection on action 
Refle= ction on action  - Thinking back to some performance and identifying what was done well, and what could be done better ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0026.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
2b) Reflection in action
Think= ing about an actual performance at= the time it occurs and recording = identified strengths and weaknesses<= ul id=3D"nav">
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    3) Self assessme= nt
    An extension of reflective practice
    •Learning diaries
    •Weekly reviews
    <= span style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;position:absolute;left:33.14%;text-ali= gn: left'>•Log books ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0030.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    4) Peer review
    Drs assessing each other’s practice and giving feedback and/or advice.
    •Internal
    •External
    •Informal
    •Multidisciplinary
    •Physician assessment ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0031.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    5) Observation
    Dr o= bserved performing specific tasks, and rate= d by observer either according to kn= own criteria, or more informally. ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0032.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    6) Cri= tical incident review/ Significant even= t audit
    Refl= ection on a less than desirable even= t or one that went very well. Encou= rages analysis of
    • the setting
    • what occurred
    <= span style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;position:absolute;left:31.28%;text-ali= gn: left'>• the outcome
    •why it was effective or ineffective. •Clinical / Organisational/ Communication lessons
    •
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    7) Practice revi= ew
    A ro= utine review of documentation e.g.=
    •notes
    • prescribing
    • letters
    • requests for tests
    •reports ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0034.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Needs assessment= v assessment
    External= assessment rel= ies only on:- •Performance aga= inst external criteria and standards
    •Decision on ade= quacy by assessor
    • standardised data gathering <= /i>
    •
    Needs assessment wil= l also use:-
    •Practice
    •Reflection =
    •Professional judgement
    •Discussion =
    •Informal data&#= 13;
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0035.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Learning for nee= ds
    •The purpose of needs assessment is to help educational planning •Medicine is a rich learning environment •There is no one best or right way of learning •The type of problem determines the learning method ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0036.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Componen= ts of apprenticeship in postgraduate tra= ining
    (Mc= Donald. OU 1998)
    •= ;Learning by doing =
    •= ;Experience of seeing patients
    •= Building up personal knowledge and experience
    •= ;Discussing patients
    •= ;Managing patients =
    •= ;Having errors corrected <= /span>
    •= Making teaching points during service
    •= Listening to experts’ explanat= ions
    •= ;Picking things up =
    •= ;Charismatic influences
    •<= /span>Learning clinical methods from practice
    •= ;Thinking about practice and <= /span>patients
    •= ;Teaching by doing =
    •= ;Using knowledge and skill
    •= Bite sized learning from ‘bits= and pieces’
    •= Retrieving and applying knowledge stores in memory <= /div>
    •= ;Learning from supervision
    •= ;Receiving feedback
    •= Presentation and summarising
    •= ;Observing experts working
    •= ;Learning from role models
    •= Learning from team interactions =
    •= ;Hearing experts think aloud
    •= Being questioned about thought and actions about patients
    • ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0037.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    ‘= Good CPD guide’s classification of sou= rces of needs assessment.
    (Grant,Chambers a= nd Jackson 1999)
    •Clinician’s own experiences in direct patie= nt care
    •= Interactions within the clinical tea= m and department
    •= Formal approaches to quality managem= ent and risk asse= ssment
    •= Specific activities directed at needs assessment
    •= Peer review
    •= (Non-clinical activities) –’Scaling the Heights’ group ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0044.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Good CPD guide
    Application to identifying GPR <= /span>learning needs ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0045.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    i)Own experience in direct patient care
    = •PUNs and DENs
    = •Blind spots •Clinically generated unknowns
    = •Competence standards
    = •Diaries •Difficulties arising in pract= ice
    •= Introducing innovations in practice
    = •Knowledgeable patients
    = •Mistakes <= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>•Patient complaints and feedback
    = •Post-mortems •Reflection on practical experience
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    ii)  In the Primary Health Care Team
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Clinical meetings
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Practice business meetings
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Practice educational meetings
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Mentoring
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0047.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    iii)  Formal quality management and risk assessment
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Audit
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Morbidity patterns
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Patient adverse incidents
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Patient satisfaction surveys
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Risk assessment ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0048.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    iv)  Specific needs assessment=
    •= Random case analysis
    •= Problem case analysis
    •= Video assessment of performance =
    •= Formative assessment package
    •= Observation – joint surgery= 3;
    •= Self-assessment – confidence scales
    •<= /span>Objective tests – PEP CD, Summ= ative assessment MCQ&#= 13;
    •= Critical incident surveys ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0049.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    v)  Peer review
    •In practice peer r= eview ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0050.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    vi)  Non-clinical activities
    •= Academic activities
    •= Half day release participation <= /span>
    •= Conferences
    •= Visits to other practices
    •= Journal articles <= /div>
    •= Medico-legal cases
    •= Press and media
    •= Professional conversations
    •= Research ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0059.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    The Johari windo= w
    UNKNOWN
    HIDDEN
    Unknown to others<= /div>
    BLIND
    OPEN
    Known to others
    Unknown to self
    Known to self
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0059_image010.gif content-transfer-encoding: base64 content-type: image/gif R0lGODlhyQHzAHcAMSH+GlNvZnR3YXJlOiBNaWNyb3NvZnQgT2ZmaWNlACH5BAEAAAAALAAAAADI AfEAgAAAAP///wL/jI+py+0Po5y02ouz3rz7D4YbQJbmiabqyrbuC8cyHMz2jef6ztb8DwwKb4ih 8YgU+pLMprP3jEqdxan1Clxit9yYtgsOn6risvhrTl/R6vaT7I5T5fQmu47nwfP83b0P6BU4SHRA eCiIqAi12Iiy59j4F0k4SRkIeXloqcnH2YmXCQr4OSpXauommhrKWuk6uAobhzp7Ztsni5tWu8vV 64ulGxwGTDxlfBw1rLyV3GwH3cYsjVzNe21GnT3HXexdbAje9Tz+U27uJ56+xi7svrYOvzxvXb8s f8+Erk/TT5XvnxF+AhkVPLLt4AyCCh81HBjwoR+JSigGSWjRYEYd/wwtYtyYoiNFkRI/ghxzkmPK HCZXAiD5EGbDlitlKrR5kGZKnAV5CtR50uc/of2AgiSqD+k9oxuV1nM6j2lGqPCoupPq0SURrTaw juS6EKwMryXFJjLrgmxMtC+sslM7k21auS3g3qSrEe+YiHpf9g359xFfvW7TFTZnN2dglItLJO7Z 2HFkEo9/TvY7ufLQy4fHaS7KmfNgvJ3Blfb2OWnozKPpnub2Olvqpasjz35au/HtqLkX767aO/Dv q8H/Dn9bvO9xw8kJt5Yb+1r0assRNyf9nO10aduhVfd83XV2tN2blVf23XR46OPNnj/2nlh61Ou1 txcbP1h+X/Nh1/8nfx9Y++0yIC79yfafewFyVaAtDc5yoHQJ4regVg/CcqErEVI3oYAVupQhKyGm siF3HTL4YU0nWpjiTiuC2GJQL9YU41Ez7iRCjjruyGOPPv4IZJBCDrnjjTKyZoCRNiI5oilNjvIk KCV6p2RTNTZV5VRXTpWlR1tmlZloSYZJpm1fflWmbmeWlaZva67VpnBvxhWncXPeVadydyqWp3Nj 2tblSHtC1id2f+oWaEmDWlaoeIf6lmhMi27WKHuPChfpTJOCVql9lxqX6U2bqtYpgJ8qF2pOo9JW qoKnEpZqT6vi1iqFr5IW60+z8larh7e6lutQuwLXK4q/QhdsUcP/Elcsi8dql2xSyyLXLIzPkhft UtMyVy2N17qX7VPbWtctjt/iF25U44JXblDrqtfuUe/SF6+V5wqYblXz+levlvcymO9V+yLYr5f/ WhjwWwNLWLCgB4OYsGELc9iwog+rWLGkF7uYsaYbHwkokxGTa+bHS4ZccpSdqKwJy5dMad7Ink1s YseimoylzarizKXOsvIMJspqAo2m0G4SzabRciINp9J2Mk2n03pCjafUfrpMCdaRaO0IzOjJbBrN VPqsK9V8Wm0o15KAjZrYMZMtrNmEou2o2ovYrQjeiHgNH9uwuf013MrKzSjdlhKJeOKKL854444/ jrjfBKcsOcOU/wtO6uWGQysy5qxqjqjn4hJO6eam6r1J5dQB3rfo6pLOqemuov6K6/rCnnnooENq u8C4f6770LTHojp3rMtXvHfH65e8ecvz1zx6zxMYPXzTG1i9fNc7mL1+20PYPX/fYxg+geNrWL6B 54uYvoPrk9g+hO87GT+G80NZv4b3S5m/iPuv3D8S/a9lAXTSAF9WQCgdMGsJlNICt9bAlT2waxFs 2QTX1juF/Y5WsrPV8DBRwZdd8G4hzNoI81bCrZ1wbyns2gpTl0GJbZBXHfTVB0nRQkm8sHY1NNYN c5HDu+2QeDFEzBBBWMSZzZBYPXTWDz0RxLwdEYdJDNsSmdVEa6M9MQ9bbEXnsoix3WGqim27IrXA aK4u1kGNdGDjKaYIRDL+zYzcQqO76Eiy4B3NjbSI4t7gCEU5ygaQXPTjJgjpRTvKC4/sUqS9+KgK Q1YCkWuUZCwo2UZLYgKTp9AkKTjZR0FKB5SRFOXqGAkvR/oLktPwZC5I2UpTGg+V9FKlwVipBlxi 44t6HKMYQSVL5dGSX7Z0GOSOicxkKnOZzGzmBQoAADs= ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0056.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    What s= ources of  information about our the needs of our GPR are available to us as GP trainers?
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0057.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Potenti= al sources of useful information abou= t GPRs
    = •Video
    = •Feedback from patients
    = •Feedback from other professionals in practice
    = •Feedback from ancillary staff
    = •RCA
    = •PCA
    = •Audit of use of investigations <= /span>
    = •Audit of admissions
    = •Computer data (e.g.timekeeping) =
    = •Critical incidents
    = •Rating scales
    = •Audit
    = •Joint surgeries
    = •Prior information /References
    = •Self assessment
    = •Analysis of workload
    = •Patient satisfaction surveys
    = •Interview scores <= /div>
    = •Learning style questionnaire
    = •Summative assessment logbook<= /span>
    = •Prescribing data <= /div>
    = •Medical records
    = •Half day release <= /div>
    = •Practice meetings =
    = •Case discussions <= /div>
    = •Role playing tutorials
    = •Confidence ratings
    = •PUNS/DENS
    = •PEP-CD
    = •Exams
    = •Performance in tutorials =
    = •Feedback from peers
    = •Feedback from other Drs <= /span>
    = •GPR diary or experience log
    = •Trainer’s report
    = •Exams
    = •MCQs
    = •MEQs
    = •OSCEs
    = •Trainee appraisal tools <= /span>
    = • ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0058.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    What’s in = your toolbox?
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0060.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (i)
    Confidence ratings
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Wolverhampton Grid
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•NW Thames confidence grid
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Manchester rating scales
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Northumbria rating scales
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0061.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (ii)
    Competence rating scales
    Manchester rating scales
    New Manchester rating scale
    Barnet Assessment form ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0063.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (iii)
    from direct patient contact
    = •PUNS and DENS
    = •Random case analysis
    = •Problem case analysis
    = •Significant event analysis
    = •Critical incident analysis ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0027.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    PUNS/DENS=
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0028.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Strengt= hs and weaknesses of PUNS/DENS=
    •Simple
    •M= inimal time
    •R= eal rather than theoretical =
    •Relevant to work&= #13;
    •Costs no money= 3;
    •I= mmediacy
    •C= an identify team educational need= s
    <= span style=3D'font-size:86%'>•Restricted to consultations
    = •A snapshot
    = •Subjective
    = = •Assumes insight •Ignores perspectives other than Dr’s •Overload may be demotivating
    = •Focus on negatives ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0064.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (iv)
    Feedback from patients, staff and colleagues
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Follow up slip system
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•DISQ
    = •‘General practice assessment questionnaire’
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Multi-source feedback for patients
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Multi-source feedback for staff
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0065.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (v)=
    Appraisal
    ‘Mutually agreed report system’ ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0066.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (vi)
    Consultation analysis
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Consultation grid
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•MRCGP video marking grid
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•COGPED video marking grid
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•BMJLearning consultation critique ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0067.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (vii)
    Audit
    COGPED audit pr= oforma ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0068.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (viii)
    MCQs
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•PEP-CD
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Old MRCGP papers ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0069.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (ix)
    MEQs/OSCEs/Simulated surgery
    ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0070.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (x)
    Personality profile/ Self-= perception tools
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Learning styles questionnaire
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Personality type
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Attributes as team role ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0071.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Tools (xi)
    Logbooks/Diaries/PDP=
    •<= span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0062.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    •<= span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'mso-special-format:lastCR;display:none'> ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0009.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Initial assessment

    Ongoing assessment

    Final assess= ment ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0052.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Resources=
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•www.trainer.org.uk
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•www.bmjlearning.com
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•www.gp-training.net
    <= span style=3D'color:red;mso-color-index:6'>•www.londondeanery.ac.uk
    •   = www.resources.scalingtheheights.com •The GP Trainer’s handbook (Middleton and Field. Radcliffe 2001)   
    • ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0053.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    References
    •= Grant J. Learning needs assessment:asses= sing the need.BMJ 2002;324:156-9 ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0055.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    Good C= PD Guide. 5/6 areas to consider in needs assessment
     ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0042.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    i) Clinician’s own experience in direct patient care
    = •Blind spots •Clinically generated unk= nowns
    = •Competence standards
    = •Diaries •Difficulties arising in pra= ctice
    = •Innovations in practice <= /span>
    = •Knowledgeable patients=
    = •Mistakes
    = •Other disciplines •Patient complaints and feedb= ack
    = •Autopsies
    = •PUNs and DENs •Reflection on practical exper= ience ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0041.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    ii) Interactions within the clinical team = and department
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Clinical meetings and rounds
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Department business plan
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Departmental educational meetings
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•External recruitment
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Junior staff
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Management roles
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Mentoring
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0040.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    iii) Fo= rmal approaches to quality management and ri= sk asessment
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Audit
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Morbidity patterns
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Patient adverse events
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Patient satisfaction surveys
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Risk assessments
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0039.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    iv) Spe= cific activities directed at needs assessment
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Clinical incident surveys
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Gap analysis
    = •Objective tests of knowledge and skill
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Observation
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Self assessment
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Video analysis of performance
    <= span style=3D'visibility:hidden'>• ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0038.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    v) Peer review
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•External
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Informal
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Internal
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Multidisciplinary
    <= span class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.71%'>•Physician assessment ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/slide0043.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
    vi) Non-clinical activities
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Academic activities
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Conferences
    <= span style=3D'position:absolute;top:0%;left:4.5%;width:95.49%;height:100.0%'><= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•International visits
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Journal articles <= /div>
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Medico-legal cases
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Press and media
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Professional conversations
    <= span style=3D'font-size:88%'>•Research ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/master01.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
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!g_supportsPPTHTML ) { =09 sld.style.visibility=3D"visible" return } if( MakeNotesVis() ) return runAnimations =3D _InitAnimations(); =09 if( IsWin("PPTSld") ) parent.SldUpdated(GetSldId()) g_origSz=3DparseInt(SlideObj.style.fontSize) g_origH=3Dsld.style.posHeight g_origW=3Dsld.style.posWidth g_scaleHyperlinks=3D(document.all.tags("AREA").length>0) if( g_scaleHyperlinks ) InitHLinkArray() if( g_scaleInFrame||(IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFullScrMode() ) ) document.body.scroll=3D"no" _RSW() if( IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFullScrMode() ) FullScrInit(); =09 MakeSldVis(); ChkAutoAdv() if( runAnimations ) { if( document.all("NSPlay") ) document.all("NSPlay").autoStart =3D false; if( sld.filters && sld.filters.revealtrans ) setTimeout( "document.body.start()", sld.filters.revealtrans.duration * = 1000 ); else document.body.start(); } } function MakeSldVis()=20 { var fTrans=3Dg_showAnimation && SldHasTrans() if( fTrans )=09 { if( g_bgSound ) { idx=3Dg_bgSound.indexOf(","); pptSound.src=3Dg_bgSound.substr( 0, idx ); pptSound.loop=3D -(parseInt(g_bgSound.substr(idx+1))); } SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Apply()=09 } SlideObj.style.visibility=3D"visible" if( fTrans ) SlideObj.filters.revealtrans.Play() } function MakeNotesVis()=20 { if( !IsNts() ) return false=20 SlideObj.style.display=3D"none" nObj =3D document.all.item("NotesObj") parent.SetHasNts(0) if( nObj ) {=20 nObj.style.display=3D"" parent.SetHasNts(1) } return 1 } function ChkAutoAdv() { if(SldHasTrans()) SlideObj.onfilterchange=3DAutoAdv else AutoAdv() } function AutoAdv() { if(!IsWin("PPTSld") || !gUseSldTimings )return var sld=3DGetCurSld() if( (sld.mAdvDelay>0) && !parent.IsFramesMode() ) setTimeout("parent.GoToNextSld()",sld.mAdvDelay) } function GetObj(id) { if(g_supportsPPTHTML) return document.all(id); else return document.getElementById(id); } function SldHasTrans() { return SlideObj.style.filter !=3D ""; } function GetSldId()=20 { var regExp =3D /file:\/\/\//i var pos =3D location.href.search(regExp) if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "" && pos !=3D -1) sId =3D location.href.substring(pos) else { sId =3D RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(location.href); var regExp =3D /\// var fixedHref =3D sId var pos =3D -1 =09 pos =3D fixedHref.search(regExp) while (pos !=3D -1) { fixedHref =3D fixedHref.replace(regExp, "\\") pos =3D fixedHref.search(regExp) } =09 if (g_fBaseHyperlink =3D=3D true) sId =3D "file:///" + fixedHref; else sId =3D fixedHref.substring(fixedHref.lastIndexOf('\\') + 1) } =09 return sId } function HideMenu() { if( frames["PPTSld"] && PPTSld.document.all.item("ctx= tmenu") && PPTSld.ctxtmenu.style.display!=3D"none" ) { PPTSld.ctxtmenu.styl= e.display=3D'none'; return true } return false } function IsWin( name ) { return window.name =3D=3D name } function IsNts() { return IsWin("PPTNts") } function IsSldOrNts() { return( IsWin("PPTSld")||IsWin("PPTNts") ) } function SupportsPPTAnimation() { return( navigator.platform =3D=3D "Win32"= && navigator.appVersion.indexOf("Windows")>0 ) } function SupportsPPTHTML() { var appVer=3Dnavigator.appVersion, msie=3DappVer.indexOf("MSIE "), ver=3D0 if( msie >=3D 0 ) ver=3DparseFloat( appVer.substring( msie+5, appVer.indexOf(";",msie) ) ) else ver=3DparseInt(appVer) return( ver >=3D 4 && msie >=3D 0 ) } function _RSW() { if( !g_supportsPPTHTML || IsNts() || ( !g_scaleInFrame && (!IsWin("PPTSld") || !parent.IsFullScrMode()) ) ) return var padding=3D0; if( IsWin("PPTSld") && parent.IsFramesMode() ) padding=3D6 cltWidth=3Ddocument.body.clientWidth-padding cltHeight=3Ddocument.body.clientHeight-padding factor=3D(1.0*cltWidth)/g_origW if( cltHeight < g_origH*factor ) factor=3D(1.0*cltHeight)/g_origH newSize =3D g_origSz * factor if( newSize < 1 ) newSize=3D1 s=3DSlideObj.style s.fontSize=3DnewSize+"px" s.posWidth=3Dg_origW*factor s.posHeight=3Dg_origH*factor s.posLeft=3D(cltWidth-s.posWidth+padding)/2 s.posTop=3D(cltHeight-s.posHeight+padding)/2 if( g_scaleHyperlinks ) ScaleHyperlinks( factor ) } function _InitAnimations() { animRuntimeInstalled =3D ''+document.body.localTime !=3D 'undefined'; isFullScreen =3D (window.name =3D=3D "PPTSld") && !parent.IsFramesMode(); g_animUseRuntime =3D g_showAnimation && animRuntimeInstalled && !(isFullSc= reen && parent.IsSldVisited()); if( g_animUseRuntime ) { collSeq =3D document.all.tags("seq"); if( collSeq !=3D null ) { for(ii=3D0;ii numSlds ) gSldJumpIdx =3D numSlds; if ( gSldJumpIdx >=3D 0 ) { if ( gSldJumpIdx =3D=3D 0 ) gSldJumpIdx =3D 1; var jumpTo =3D parseInt(gSldJumpIdx); gSldJump =3D 0; gSldJumpIdx =3D ""; win.GoToSld( parent.GetSldList().mList[jumpTo-1].mSldHref ) } } } function _KDH() { if( event.keyCode =3D=3D 8 ) { event.returnValue =3D 0; parent.GoToPrevSld(); } } function DocumentOnClick() { if( IsNts() || parent.HideMenu() ) return; if( ( g_allowAdvOnClick && !parent.IsFramesMode() ) || (event && (event.keyCode=3D=3D32) ) ) parent.GoToNextSld(); } var g_supportsPPTHTML =3D SupportsPPTHTML(), g_scaleInFrame =3D 1, gId=3D""= , g_bgSound=3D"", g_scaleHyperlinks =3D false, g_allowAdvOnClick =3D 1, g_showInBrowser = =3D 0, gLoopCont =3D 0, gUseSldTimings =3D 1; var g_showAnimation =3D g_supportsPPTHTML && SupportsPPTAnimation() && ( (w= indow.name=3D=3D"PPTSld" && !parent.IsFramesMode()) || g_showInBrowser );va= r g_animManager =3D null; var g_animUseRuntime =3D false; var g_animItemsToHide, g_animInteractiveItems, g_animSlideTime; var g_animMainSequence =3D null; var ENDSHOW_MESG=3D"End of slide show, click to exit.", SCREEN_MODE=3D"Fram= es", gIsEndShow=3D0, NUM_VIS_SLDS=3D59, SCRIPT_HREF=3D"script.js", FULLSCR_= HREF=3D"fullscreen.htm"; var gCurSld =3D gPrevSld =3D 1, g_offset =3D 0, gNtsOpen =3D gHasNts =3D gO= tlTxtExp =3D 0, gHasNarration =3D 0, gOtlOpen =3D true window.gPPTHTML=3DSupportsPPTHTML() var g_fBaseHyperlink =3D false; var gMainDoc=3Dnew Array(new hrefList("slide0002.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList(= "slide0003.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0004.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("= slide0051.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0005.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("s= lide0006.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0007.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("sl= ide0021.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0010.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("sli= de0054.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0022.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slid= e0023.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0024.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide= 0025.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0026.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0= 029.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0030.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide00= 31.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0032.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide003= 3.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0034.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0035= .htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0036.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0037.= htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0044.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0045.h= tm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0046.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0047.ht= m",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0048.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0049.htm= 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hrefList("slide0039.htm",1,-1,1),new hrefList("slide0038.htm",1,-1,1),new = hrefList("slide0043.htm",1,-1,1)); /********************************************* Frameset functions These functions control slide navigation and state of the frameset. **********************************************/ function RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href) { var regExp =3D /^file:\/\/\//i; return href.replace(regExp, "") } function FullScrInit() { g_allowAdvOnClick =3D GetCurSld().mAdvOnClk document.body.style.backgroundColor=3D"black" document.oncontextmenu=3Dparent._CM; document.onkeydown =3D _KDH; document.ondragstart=3DCancel document.onselectstart=3DCancel self.focus() } function Redirect( frmId ) {=09 var str=3Ddocument.location.hash,idx=3Dstr.indexOf('#'), sId=3DGetSldId() if(idx>=3D0) str=3Dstr.substr(1); if( window.name !=3D frmId && ( sId !=3D str) ) { obj =3D GetObj("Main-File") window.location.href=3Dobj.href+"#"+sId return 1 } return 0 } var MHTMLPrefix =3D CalculateMHTMLPrefix();=20 function CalculateMHTMLPrefix() { if ( document.location.protocol =3D=3D 'mhtml:') {=20 href=3Dnew String(document.location.href)=20 Start=3Dhref.indexOf('!')+1=20 End=3Dhref.lastIndexOf('/')+1=20 if (End < Start)=20 return href.substring(0, Start)=20 else=20 return href.substring(0, End)=20 } return ''; } function GetTags(base,tag) { if(g_supportsPPTHTML) return base.all.tags(tag); else return base.getElementsByTagName(tag); } function UpdNtsPane(){ if(frames["PPTNts"]) PPTNts.location.replace( MHTMLP= refix+GetHrefObj( gCurSld ).mNtsHref ) } function UpdNavPane( sldIndex ){ if(gNavLoaded) PPTNav.UpdNav() } function UpdOtNavPane(){ if(gOtlNavLoaded) PPTOtlNav.UpdOtlNav() } function UpdOtlPane(){ if(gOtlLoaded) PPTOtl.UpdOtl() } function SetHasNts( fVal ) { if( gHasNts !=3D fVal ) { gHasNts=3DfVal UpdNavPane() } } function ToggleOtlText() { gOtlTxtExp=3D!gOtlTxtExp UpdOtlPane() } function ClearMedia() { // Clear any sounds playing before launching another browser window. Other= wise, // in fullscreen mode, you'll continue to hear the sound in the frames mod= e. if (PPTSld.pptSound) PPTSld.pptSound.loop =3D 0; } function FullScreen() {=20 if ( PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) PPTSld.document.body.pause(); ClearMedia(); var href =3D ( document.location.protocol =3D=3D 'mhtml:') ? FULLSCR_HREF = : FULLSCR_HREF+"#"+GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mSldHref; if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") href =3D RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href) if(PPTNav.event.ctrlKey) { var w =3D (window.screen.availWidth * 1.0) / 2.0 var h =3D w * (PPTSld.g_origH * 1.0) / PPTSld.g_origW win =3D window.open( MHTMLPrefix+href,null,"toolbar=3D0,resizable=3D1,top= =3D0,left=3D0," + "width=3D"+ w + ",height=3D" + h ); if( win.document.body && PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) win.document.body.PPTSldFrameset=3Dwindow; } else { win =3D window.open( MHTMLPrefix+href,null,"fullscreen=3Dyes" ); if( win.document.body && PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) win.document.body.PPTSldFrameset=3Dwindow; } } function ToggleVNarration() { rObj=3DPPTSld.document.all("NSPlay") if( rObj && !PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) { if( (rObj.playState =3D=3D 1)||(rObj.playState =3D=3D 0) ) rObj.Play() else if( rObj.playState =3D=3D 2 ) rObj.Pause() else return; } else if( PPTSld.g_animUseRuntime ) { narObj =3D PPTSld.document.all("narrationID") if( narObj ) narObj.togglePause() } } function GetCurSldNum() { =20 obj=3DGetHrefObj(gCurSld) if( obj.mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 ) return obj.mSldIdx else =20 return gCurSld } function GetNumSlds() { =20 if( GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mOrigVis =3D=3D 1 ) return GetSldList().mNumVisSlds; else return GetSldList().mList.length } function GetSldNum( href ) { for(ii=3D0; ii 1 ) PopSldList(); else if( !IsFramesMode() ) { if( gLoopCont ) GoToFirst() else EndShow() } } function GoToPrevSld() { ii=3DgCurSld-1 if( ii > 0 ) { obj=3DGetHrefObj(ii) while ( obj && ( obj.mVis =3D=3D 0 ) && ( ii>0 ) ) obj=3DGetHrefObj(--ii) if( ii =3D=3D 0 ) ii=3D1 GoToSldNum(ii) } } function GoToFirst(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(1).mSldHref ) } function GoToLast() { ii=3DGetSldList().mList.length if( ii !=3D gCurSld ) GoToSld( GetHrefObj(ii).mSldHref ) } function GoToSldNum( num ) { if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue obj =3D GetHrefObj( num ) obj.mVis=3D1 gPrevSld=3DgCurSld gCurSld =3D num; =09 if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") PPTSld.location.replace(MHTMLPrefix+RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(obj.mSldHref= )) else PPTSld.location.replace(obj.mSldHref) =09 if( IsFramesMode() ) { UpdNavPane(); UpdOtlPane(); UpdNtsPane() } } function GoToSld( href ) { if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue GetHrefObj( GetSldNum(href) ).mVis=3D1 if (MHTMLPrefix !=3D "") PPTSld.location.replace(MHTMLPrefix+RemoveFilePrefixFromHref(href)) else PPTSld.location.replace(href) } function SldUpdated( id ) { if( id =3D=3D GetHrefObj(gCurSld).mSldHref ) return gPrevSld=3DgCurSld gCurSld=3DGetSldNum(id) if( IsFramesMode() ) { UpdNavPane(); UpdOtlPane(); UpdNtsPane() } } function PrevSldViewed(){ GoToSld( GetHrefObj(gPrevSld).mSldHref ) } function HasPrevSld() { return ( gIsEndShow || ( gCurSld !=3D 1 && GetHrefO= bj( gCurSld-1 ).mVis =3D=3D 1 )||( GetCurSldNum() > 1 ) ) } function HasNextSld() { return (GetCurSldNum() !=3D GetNumSlds()) } function CloseWindow() { if( HideMenu() ) return; =09 var event =3D PPTSld.event; if( !IsFramesMode() && event && (event.keyCode=3D=3D27 || event.keyCode=3D= =3D32 || event.type=3D=3D"click" ) ) window.close( self ); CatchNumKeys( self, event ); } function Unload() { gIsEndShow=3D0; } function SetupEndShow() { gIsEndShow=3D1; PPTSld.document.body.scroll=3D"no"; PPTSld.document.onkeypress=3DCloseWindow; PPTSld.document.onclick=3DCloseWindow; PPTSld.document.oncontextmenu=3D_CM; } function EndShow() { if( IsFramesMode() ) return if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue doc=3DPPTSld.document var dir =3D doc.body.dir if( dir !=3D "rtl" ) dir =3D "ltr"; doc.open() doc.writeln('


    ' + ENDSHOW_MESG + '

    ') doc.close() } function SetSldVisited(){ GetSldList().mList[gCurSld-1].mVisited=3Dtrue } function IsSldVisited(){ return GetSldList().mList[gCurSld-1].mVisited } function hrefList( sldHref, visible, advDelay, advClk ) { this.mSldHref=3D this.mNtsHref =3D sldHref this.mOrigVis=3D this.mVis =3D visible this.mVisited=3D false this.mAdvDelay=3D advDelay this.mAdvOnClk=3D advClk } function SldList(arr,curSld,fEnd) { this.mCurSld =3D curSld; this.mList =3D new Array(); var idx =3D 1; for(ii=3D0;ii 0) { PushSldList(sldList,fEnd); gCurSld =3D 1; } else if( PPTSld.event ) PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue } function PushSldList(arr,fEnd) { var ii =3D gSldStack.length; gSldStack[ii] =3D new SldList(arr,gCurSld,fEnd); GoToSld( gSldStack[ii].mList[0].mSldHref ); } function PopSldList() { if (gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1].fEndShow) EndShow() else { gCurSld =3D gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1].mCurSld; gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1] =3D null; gSldStack.length--; var sldList =3D gSldStack[gSldStack.length-1]; GoToSld( sldList.mList[gCurSld - 1].mSldHref ); } } var custShowList=3Dnew Array(); /********************************************* Navigation button implementation There are 2 types of buttons: ImgBtn, TxtBtn implemented as function objects. They share a similiar interface so the event handlers can call SetActive, for example, on a button=20 object without needing to know exactly=20 what type of button it is. **********************************************/ //---------------------------------- function ImgBtn( oId,bId,w,action ) //---------------------------------- { var t=3Dthis t.Perform =3D _IBP t.SetActive =3D _IBSetA t.SetInactive=3D _IBSetI t.SetPressed =3D _IBSetP t.SetDisabled=3D _IBSetD t.Enabled =3D _IBSetE t.ChangeIcon =3D null t.UserAction =3D action t.ChgState =3D _IBUI t.mObjId =3D oId t.mBorderId=3D bId t.mWidth =3D w t.mIsOn =3D t.mCurState =3D 0 } function _IBSetA() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,2 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } function _IBSetI() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,1 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0=20 } } function _IBSetP() { if( this.mIsOn ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,2 ) obj.style.posLeft+=3D1; obj.style.posTop+=3D1 } } function _IBSetD() { =20 obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0=20 } function _IBSetE( state ) { var t=3Dthis GetObj( t.mBorderId ).style.visibility=3D"visible" if( state !=3D t.mIsOn ) { t.mIsOn=3Dstate if( state ) t.SetInactive() else t.SetDisabled() } } function _IBP() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn ) { if( t.UserAction !=3D null ) t.UserAction() if( t.ChangeIcon ) { obj=3DGetObj(t.mObjId) if( t.ChangeIcon() ) obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-4)*t.mWidth else obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-0)*t.mWidth } t.SetActive() } =20 } function _IBUI( clr1,clr2,nextState ) { var t=3Dthis SetBorder( GetObj( t.mBorderId ),clr1,clr2 ) obj=3DGetObj( t.mObjId ) obj.style.posLeft=3Dobj.style.posLeft+(t.mCurState-nextState)*t.mWidth-obj= .style.posTop t.mCurState=3DnextState return obj } //----------------------------------------- function TxtBtn( oId,oeId,action,chkState ) //----------------------------------------- { var t=3Dthis t.Perform =3D _TBP t.SetActive =3D _TBSetA t.SetInactive=3D _TBSetI t.SetPressed =3D _TBSetP t.SetDisabled=3D _TBSetD t.SetEnabled =3D _TBSetE t.GetState =3D chkState t.UserAction =3D action t.ChgState =3D _TBUI t.mObjId =3D oId t.m_elementsId=3D oeId t.mIsOn =3D 1 } function _TBSetA() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,0,0 ) } function _TBSetI() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn && !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) } function _TBSetP() { if( this.mIsOn ) this.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 ) } function _TBSetD() { =20 this.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) this.mIsOn =3D 0 } function _TBSetE() { var t=3Dthis if( !t.GetState() ) t.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,0,0 ) else t.ChgState( gShadowClr,gHiliteClr,1,1 ) t.mIsOn =3D 1 } function _TBP() { var t=3Dthis if( t.mIsOn ) {=20 if( t.UserAction !=3D null ) t.UserAction() if( !t.GetState ) return if( t.GetState() ) t.SetPressed() else t.SetActive() } =20 } function _TBUI( clr1,clr2,lOffset,tOffset ) { SetBorder( GetObj( this.mObjId ),clr1,clr2 ) Offset( GetObj( this.m_elementsId ),lOffset,tOffset ) } function Offset( obj, top, left ){ obj.style.top=3Dtop; obj.style.left=3Dle= ft } function SetBorder( obj, upperLeft, lowerRight ) { s=3Dobj.style; s.borderStyle =3D "solid" s.borderWidth =3D 1=20 s.borderLeftColor =3D s.borderTopColor =3D upperLeft s.borderBottomColor=3D s.borderRightColor =3D lowerRight } function GetBtnObj(){ return gBtnArr[window.event.srcElement.id] } function BtnOnOver(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetActive() } function BtnOnDown(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetPressed() } function BtnOnOut(){ b=3DGetBtnObj(); if( b !=3D null ) b.SetInactive() } function BtnOnUp() { b=3DGetBtnObj() if( b !=3D null ) b.Perform() else Upd() } function GetNtsState(){ return parent.gNtsOpen } function GetOtlState(){ return parent.gOtlOpen } function GetOtlTxtState(){ return parent.gOtlTxtExp } function NtsBtnSetFlag( fVal ) { s=3Ddocument.all.item( this.m_flagId ).style s.display=3D"none" if( fVal ) s.display=3D"" else s.display=3D"none" } function _BSetA_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etActive() } function _BSetI_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etInactive() } function _BSetP_Border(){ b =3D gBtnArr[this.mObjId]; if( b !=3D null ) b.S= etPressed() } function _BSetA_BorderImg() {=20 b =3D gBtnArr[this.mBorderId]=20 if( b !=3D null && this.mIsOn && !b.GetState() ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gHiliteClr,gShadowClr,2 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } function _BSetI_BorderImg() {=20 b =3D gBtnArr[this.mBorderId] if( b !=3D null && this.mIsOn && !b.GetState() ) { obj=3Dthis.ChgState( gFaceClr,gFaceClr,1 ) obj.style.posTop=3D0 } } var gHiliteClr=3D"THREEDHIGHLIGHT",gShadowClr=3D"THREEDSHADOW",gFaceClr=3D"= THREEDFACE" var gBtnArr =3D new Array() gBtnArr["nb_otl"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_otl","nb_otlElem",parent.ToggleOtlPan= e,GetOtlState ) gBtnArr["nb_otlElem"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_otl","nb_otlElem",parent.ToggleOt= lPane,GetOtlState ) gBtnArr["nb_nts"] =3D new ImgBtn( "nb_nts","nb_ntsBorder",10,parent.ToggleN= tsPane ) gBtnArr["nb_nts"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_BorderImg; gBtnArr["nb_nts"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_BorderImg; gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_ntsBorder","nb_ntsElem",parent.= ToggleNtsPane,GetNtsState ) gBtnArr["nb_ntsElem"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_ntsBorder","nb_ntsElem",parent.To= ggleNtsPane,GetNtsState ) gBtnArr["nb_prevBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_prev"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_prev","n= b_prevBorder",30,parent.GoToPrevSld ) gBtnArr["nb_nextBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_next"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_next","n= b_nextBorder",30,parent.GoToNextSld ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshw"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwBorder",18,parent= .FullScreen ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwBorder",pa= rent.FullScreen,null ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwBorder"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"] =3D new TxtBtn( "nb_sldshw","nb_sldshwText",parent= .FullScreen,null ) gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"].SetActive =3D _BSetA_Border; gBtnArr["nb_sldshwText"].SetInactive =3D _BSetI_Border; gBtnArr["nb_voice"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_voiceBorder"] =3D new ImgBtn( "nb_voice= ","nb_voiceBorder",18,parent.ToggleVNarration ) gBtnArr["nb_otlTxtBorder"] =3D gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"]=3D new ImgBtn( "nb_otlT= xt","nb_otlTxtBorder",23,parent.ToggleOtlText ) gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"].m_flagId=3D "nb_nts" gBtnArr["nb_ntsBorder"].SetFlag =3D NtsBtnSetFlag gBtnArr["nb_otlTxt"].ChangeIcon=3D GetOtlTxtState /********************************************* Context menu implementation _CM() is the function that's hooked up to the oncontextmenu event. Once we're asked to show the menu, we first build it by creating DIVs on-the-fly. Then we position it=20 within the screen area so it doesn't get clipped. Creating the DIVs using createElement() means we don't have to write out any extra HTML into the slide HTML files. **********************************************/ var sNext=3D"Next",sPrev=3D"Previous",sEnd=3D"End Show",sFont=3D"Arial",sAr= row=3D"Arrow",sFreeform=3D"Freeform",sRect=3D"Rectangle",sOval=3D"Oval" function ShowMenu() { BuildMenu(); var doc=3DPPTSld.document.body,x=3DPPTSld.event.clientX+doc.scrollLeft,y= =3DPPTSld.event.clientY+doc.scrollTop m =3D PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx if( (x+m.scrollWidth > doc.clientWidth)&&(x-m.scrollWidth > 0) ) m.style.pixelLeft=3Dx-m.scrollWidth m.style.pixelTop=3Dy if( (y+m.scrollHeight > doc.clientHeight)&&(y-m.scrollHeight > 0) ) m.style.pixelTop=3Dy-m.scrollHeight m.style.display=3D"" } function _CM() { if( !parent.IsFullScrMode() ) return; if(!PPTSld.event.ctrlKey) { ShowMenu() return false } else HideMenu() } function BuildMenu() { if( PPTSld.document.all.item("ctxtmenu") ) return var mObj=3DCreateItem( PPTSld.document.body ) mObj.id=3D"ctxtmenu" mObj.style.visibility=3D"hidden" var s=3DmObj.style s.position=3D"absolute" s.cursor=3D"default" s.width=3D"120px" SetCMBorder(mObj,"menu","black") var iObj=3DCreateItem( mObj ) SetCMBorder( iObj, "threedhighlight","threedshadow" ) iObj.style.padding=3D2 CreateMenuItem( iObj,sNext,M_GoNextSld,M_True ) CreateMenuItem( iObj,sPrev,M_GoPrevSld,M_HasPrevSld ) =09 CreateSeparator( iObj ) CreateMenuItem( iObj,sEnd,M_End,M_True ) mObj.style.visibility=3D"visible" } function Cancel() { window.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue; window.event.returnVa= lue=3Dfalse } function Highlight() { ChangeClr("activecaption","threedhighlight") } function Deselect() { ChangeClr("threedface","menutext") } function Perform() { e=3DPPTSld.event.srcElement if( e.type=3D=3D"menuitem" && e.IsActive() ) e.Action() else PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue } function ChangeClr( bg,clr ) { e=3DPPTSld.event.srcElement if( e.type=3D=3D"menuitem" && e.IsActive() ) { e.style.backgroundColor=3Dbg e.style.color=3Dclr } } function M_HasPrevSld() { return( parent.HasPrevSld() ) } function M_GoNextSld() { if( gIsEndShow ) M_End(); else GoToNextSld() } function M_GoPrevSld() { if( gIsEndShow ) { gIsEndShow=3D0; history.back();= PPTSld.event.cancelBubble=3Dtrue; } else GoToPrevSld() } function M_True() { return true } function M_End() { window.close( self ) } function CreateMenuItem( node,text,action,eval ) { var e=3DCreateItem( node ) e.type=3D"menuitem" e.Action=3Daction e.IsActive=3Deval e.innerHTML=3Dtext if( !e.IsActive() ) e.style.color=3D"threedshadow" e.onclick=3DPerform e.onmouseover=3DHighlight e.onmouseout=3DDeselect s=3De.style; 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charset="us-ascii" ------=_NextPart_01C61CD8.BAE5E4E0 content-location: file:///C:/2D682234/gpr_learning_needs_assessment_files/outline.htm content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable content-type: text/html; charset="us-ascii" GPR learning needs assessment
     N= otes
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    Outline