Fever

Source: BMJ

Urinary tract infection

Suspicion should always result in urine culture and microscopy (this is more important than treatment!). If significant bacteriuria and age under 5:

Urinary tract infection (UTI) in children

Note: NICE guidelines have been published in late 2007 which potentially simplify UTI management in children. There is still much professional debate about  these guidelines, however.

Measles

Rubella

Roseola infantum

Chickenpox

Scarlet fever

Herpetic infections

Mumps